如何使用Volley在Android中发送“multipart / form-data”POST
有没有人能够用Volley完成在Android中发送multipart/form-data POST？ 我没有成功试图上传一个image/png使用POST请求到我们的服务器，我很好奇，如果任何人有。
我相信这样做的默认方法是覆盖Request.java类中的public byte[] getPostBody() ，并在其中附带一个空白Header键的File 。 但是，将我的文件转换为Map<String, String> postParams然后再次对其进行编码似乎是Map<String, String> postParams ，并不是很优雅。 我的努力也是失败的。 这真的是唯一让我们切换到这个库的事情。
无论如何，所有的想法和答案是非常赞赏。 感谢您的帮助。
我可能是错误的，但我认为你需要实现你自己的com.android.volley.toolbox.HttpStack ，因为默认的（ HurlStack如果版本>姜饼或HttpClientStack ）不处理multipart/form-data 。
编辑：
事实上我错了。 我能够做到这一点使用请求中的MultipartEntity这样的：
public class MultipartRequest extends Request<String> { private MultipartEntity entity = new MultipartEntity(); private static final String FILE_PART_NAME = "file"; private static final String STRING_PART_NAME = "text"; private final Response.Listener<String> mListener; private final File mFilePart; private final String mStringPart; public MultipartRequest(String url, Response.ErrorListener errorListener, Response.Listener<String> listener, File file, String stringPart) { super(Method.POST, url, errorListener); mListener = listener; mFilePart = file; mStringPart = stringPart; buildMultipartEntity(); } private void buildMultipartEntity() { entity.addPart(FILE_PART_NAME, new FileBody(mFilePart)); try { entity.addPart(STRING_PART_NAME, new StringBody(mStringPart)); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { VolleyLog.e("UnsupportedEncodingException"); } } @Override public String getBodyContentType() { return entity.getContentType().getValue(); } @Override public byte[] getBody() throws AuthFailureError { ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); try { entity.writeTo(bos); } catch (IOException e) { VolleyLog.e("IOException writing to ByteArrayOutputStream"); } return bos.toByteArray(); } @Override protected Response<String> parseNetworkResponse(NetworkResponse response) { return Response.success("Uploaded", getCacheEntry()); } @Override protected void deliverResponse(String response) { mListener.onResponse(response); } }
这是相当原始的，但我尝试了一个图像和一个简单的string，它的工作原理。 响应是占位符，在这种情况下返回响应string没有多大意义。 我有问题使用Apache httpmime使用MultipartEntity，所以我用这个https://code.google.com/p/httpclientandroidlib/不知道是否有更好的方法。; 希望它有帮助。
编辑
你可以使用httpmime而不使用httpclientandroidlib，唯一的依赖是httpcore。
正如在I / O（约4:05）的演示中所提到的，对于大型有效载荷来说，排雷“非常糟糕”。 据我了解，这意味着不要使用Volley接收/发送（大）文件。 看看代码，它似乎甚至没有处理多部分forms的数据（例如Request.java getBodyContentType（）与硬编码的“应用程序/ x-www-form-urlencoded”; HttpClientStack :: createHttpRequest（）只能处理字节[]等等…）。 也许你将能够创build可以处理multipart的实现，但是如果我是你，我将直接使用HttpClient与MultipartEntity，如：
HttpPost req = new HttpPost(composeTargetUrl()); MultipartEntity entity = new MultipartEntity(); entity.addPart(POST_IMAGE_VAR_NAME, new FileBody(toUpload)); try { entity.addPart(POST_SESSION_VAR_NAME, new StringBody(uploadSessionId)); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } req.setEntity(entity);
你可能需要更新的HttpClient （即不是内置的），甚至更好， 使用Volley和更新的HttpClient
具有上载进度的完整多部分请求
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; import java.io.File; import java.io.FilterOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import org.apache.http.HttpEntity; import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType; import org.apache.http.entity.mime.HttpMultipartMode; import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder; import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.FileBody; import org.apache.http.util.CharsetUtils; import com.android.volley.AuthFailureError; import com.android.volley.NetworkResponse; import com.android.volley.Request; import com.android.volley.Response; import com.android.volley.VolleyLog; import com.beusoft.app.AppContext; public class MultipartRequest extends Request<String> { MultipartEntityBuilder entity = MultipartEntityBuilder.create(); HttpEntity httpentity; private String FILE_PART_NAME = "files"; private final Response.Listener<String> mListener; private final File mFilePart; private final Map<String, String> mStringPart; private Map<String, String> headerParams; private final MultipartProgressListener multipartProgressListener; private long fileLength = 0L; public MultipartRequest(String url, Response.ErrorListener errorListener, Response.Listener<String> listener, File file, long fileLength, Map<String, String> mStringPart, final Map<String, String> headerParams, String partName, MultipartProgressListener progLitener) { super(Method.POST, url, errorListener); this.mListener = listener; this.mFilePart = file; this.fileLength = fileLength; this.mStringPart = mStringPart; this.headerParams = headerParams; this.FILE_PART_NAME = partName; this.multipartProgressListener = progLitener; entity.setMode(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE); try { entity.setCharset(CharsetUtils.get("UTF-8")); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } buildMultipartEntity(); httpentity = entity.build(); } // public void addStringBody(String param, String value) { // if (mStringPart != null) { // mStringPart.put(param, value); // } // } private void buildMultipartEntity() { entity.addPart(FILE_PART_NAME, new FileBody(mFilePart, ContentType.create("image/gif"), mFilePart.getName())); if (mStringPart != null) { for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : mStringPart.entrySet()) { entity.addTextBody(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()); } } } @Override public String getBodyContentType() { return httpentity.getContentType().getValue(); } @Override public byte[] getBody() throws AuthFailureError { ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); try { httpentity.writeTo(new CountingOutputStream(bos, fileLength, multipartProgressListener)); } catch (IOException e) { VolleyLog.e("IOException writing to ByteArrayOutputStream"); } return bos.toByteArray(); } @Override protected Response<String> parseNetworkResponse(NetworkResponse response) { try { // System.out.println("Network Response "+ new String(response.data, "UTF-8")); return Response.success(new String(response.data, "UTF-8"), getCacheEntry()); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); // fuck it, it should never happen though return Response.success(new String(response.data), getCacheEntry()); } } @Override protected void deliverResponse(String response) { mListener.onResponse(response); } //Override getHeaders() if you want to put anything in header public static interface MultipartProgressListener { void transferred(long transfered, int progress); } public static class CountingOutputStream extends FilterOutputStream { private final MultipartProgressListener progListener; private long transferred; private long fileLength; public CountingOutputStream(final OutputStream out, long fileLength, final MultipartProgressListener listener) { super(out); this.fileLength = fileLength; this.progListener = listener; this.transferred = 0; } public void write(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException { out.write(b, off, len); if (progListener != null) { this.transferred += len; int prog = (int) (transferred * 100 / fileLength); this.progListener.transferred(this.transferred, prog); } } public void write(int b) throws IOException { out.write(b); if (progListener != null) { this.transferred++; int prog = (int) (transferred * 100 / fileLength); this.progListener.transferred(this.transferred, prog); } } } }
样例用法
protected <T> void uploadFile(final String tag, final String url, final File file, final String partName, final Map<String, String> headerParams, final Response.Listener<String> resultDelivery, final Response.ErrorListener errorListener, MultipartProgressListener progListener) { AZNetworkRetryPolicy retryPolicy = new AZNetworkRetryPolicy(); MultipartRequest mr = new MultipartRequest(url, errorListener, resultDelivery, file, file.length(), null, headerParams, partName, progListener); mr.setRetryPolicy(retryPolicy); mr.setTag(tag); Volley.newRequestQueue(this).add(mr); }
UPDATE 2015/08/26：
如果你不想使用弃用的HttpEntity，这里是我的工作示例代码（用ASP.Net WebAPItesting）
MultipartActivity.java
package com.example.volleyapp; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Context; import android.graphics.Bitmap; import android.graphics.drawable.BitmapDrawable; import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable; import android.os.Bundle; import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat; import android.view.Menu; import android.view.MenuItem; import com.android.volley.AuthFailureError; import com.android.volley.NetworkResponse; import com.android.volley.Response; import com.android.volley.VolleyError; import com.example.volleyapp.BaseVolleyRequest; import com.example.volleyapp.VolleySingleton; import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream; import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; import java.io.DataOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; public class MultipartActivity extends Activity { final Context mContext = this; String mimeType; DataOutputStream dos = null; String lineEnd = "\r\n"; String boundary = "apiclient-" + System.currentTimeMillis(); String twoHyphens = "--"; int bytesRead, bytesAvailable, bufferSize; byte[] buffer; int maxBufferSize = 1024 * 1024; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_multipart); Drawable drawable = ContextCompat.getDrawable(mContext, R.drawable.ic_action_file_attachment_light); Bitmap bitmap = ((BitmapDrawable) drawable).getBitmap(); ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, byteArrayOutputStream); final byte[] bitmapData = byteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray(); String url = "http://192.168.1.100/api/postfile"; mimeType = "multipart/form-data;boundary=" + boundary; BaseVolleyRequest baseVolleyRequest = new BaseVolleyRequest(1, url, new Response.Listener<NetworkResponse>() { @Override public void onResponse(NetworkResponse response) { } }, new Response.ErrorListener() { @Override public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) { } }) { @Override public String getBodyContentType() { return mimeType; } @Override public byte[] getBody() throws AuthFailureError { ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); dos = new DataOutputStream(bos); try { dos.writeBytes(twoHyphens + boundary + lineEnd); dos.writeBytes("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"uploaded_file\";filename=\"" + "ic_action_file_attachment_light.png" + "\"" + lineEnd); dos.writeBytes(lineEnd); ByteArrayInputStream fileInputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(bitmapData); bytesAvailable = fileInputStream.available(); bufferSize = Math.min(bytesAvailable, maxBufferSize); buffer = new byte[bufferSize]; // read file and write it into form... bytesRead = fileInputStream.read(buffer, 0, bufferSize); while (bytesRead > 0) { dos.write(buffer, 0, bufferSize); bytesAvailable = fileInputStream.available(); bufferSize = Math.min(bytesAvailable, maxBufferSize); bytesRead = fileInputStream.read(buffer, 0, bufferSize); } // send multipart form data necesssary after file data... dos.writeBytes(lineEnd); dos.writeBytes(twoHyphens + boundary + twoHyphens + lineEnd); return bos.toByteArray(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return bitmapData; } }; VolleySingleton.getInstance(mContext).addToRequestQueue(baseVolleyRequest); } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present. getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_multipart, menu); return true; } @Override public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) { // Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will // automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long // as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml. int id = item.getItemId(); //noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement if (id == R.id.action_settings) { return true; } return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item); } }
BaseVolleyRequest.java：
package com.example.volleyapp; import com.android.volley.NetworkResponse; import com.android.volley.ParseError; import com.android.volley.Request; import com.android.volley.Response; import com.android.volley.VolleyError; import com.android.volley.toolbox.HttpHeaderParser; import com.google.gson.JsonSyntaxException; public class BaseVolleyRequest extends Request<NetworkResponse> { private final Response.Listener<NetworkResponse> mListener; private final Response.ErrorListener mErrorListener; public BaseVolleyRequest(String url, Response.Listener<NetworkResponse> listener, Response.ErrorListener errorListener) { super(0, url, errorListener); this.mListener = listener; this.mErrorListener = errorListener; } public BaseVolleyRequest(int method, String url, Response.Listener<NetworkResponse> listener, Response.ErrorListener errorListener) { super(method, url, errorListener); this.mListener = listener; this.mErrorListener = errorListener; } @Override protected Response<NetworkResponse> parseNetworkResponse(NetworkResponse response) { try { return Response.success( response, HttpHeaderParser.parseCacheHeaders(response)); } catch (JsonSyntaxException e) { return Response.error(new ParseError(e)); } catch (Exception e) { return Response.error(new ParseError(e)); } } @Override protected void deliverResponse(NetworkResponse response) { mListener.onResponse(response); } @Override protected VolleyError parseNetworkError(VolleyError volleyError) { return super.parseNetworkError(volleyError); } @Override public void deliverError(VolleyError error) { mErrorListener.onErrorResponse(error); } }
更新结束
这是我的工作示例代码（仅用于小文件testing）：
public class FileUploadActivity extends Activity { private final Context mContext = this; HttpEntity httpEntity; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_file_upload); Drawable drawable = getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.ic_action_home); if (drawable != null) { Bitmap bitmap = ((BitmapDrawable) drawable).getBitmap(); ByteArrayOutputStream stream = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, stream); final byte[] bitmapdata = stream.toByteArray(); String url = "http://10.0.2.2/api/fileupload"; MultipartEntityBuilder builder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create(); builder.setMode(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE); // Add binary body if (bitmapdata != null) { ContentType contentType = ContentType.create("image/png"); String fileName = "ic_action_home.png"; builder.addBinaryBody("file", bitmapdata, contentType, fileName); httpEntity = builder.build(); MyRequest myRequest = new MyRequest(Request.Method.POST, url, new Response.Listener<NetworkResponse>() { @Override public void onResponse(NetworkResponse response) { try { String jsonString = new String(response.data, HttpHeaderParser.parseCharset(response.headers)); Toast.makeText(mContext, jsonString, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }, new Response.ErrorListener() { @Override public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) { Toast.makeText(mContext, error.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }) { @Override public String getBodyContentType() { return httpEntity.getContentType().getValue(); } @Override public byte[] getBody() throws AuthFailureError { ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); try { httpEntity.writeTo(bos); } catch (IOException e) { VolleyLog.e("IOException writing to ByteArrayOutputStream"); } return bos.toByteArray(); } }; MySingleton.getInstance(this).addToRequestQueue(myRequest); } } } ... } public class MyRequest extends Request<NetworkResponse>
对于只想在多部分请求中发送POST参数的开发人员来说，这是一个非常简单的方法。
在扩展Request.java的类中进行以下更改
首先定义这些常量：
String BOUNDARY = "s2retfgsGSRFsERFGHfgdfgw734yhFHW567TYHSrf4yarg"; //This the boundary which is used by the server to split the post parameters. String MULTIPART_FORMDATA = "multipart/form-data;boundary=" + BOUNDARY;
添加一个帮手函数来为你创build一个post主体：
private String createPostBody(Map<String, String> params) { StringBuilder sbPost = new StringBuilder(); if (params != null) { for (String key : params.keySet()) { if (params.get(key) != null) { sbPost.append("\r\n" + "--" + BOUNDARY + "\r\n"); sbPost.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"" + key + "\"" + "\r\n\r\n"); sbPost.append(params.get(key).toString()); } } } return sbPost.toString(); }
覆盖getBody（）和getBodyContentType
public String getBodyContentType() { return MULTIPART_FORMDATA; } public byte[] getBody() throws AuthFailureError { return createPostBody(getParams()).getBytes(); }
首先在SO上回答。
我遇到了同样的问题，发现@alex的代码非常有帮助。 我做了一些简单的修改，以便通过HashMap传入所需的参数，并基本上从StringRequest复制了parseNetworkResponse() 。 我在网上search，很惊奇地发现，这样一个共同的任务是很less回答。 无论如何，我希望代码可以帮助：
public class MultipartRequest extends Request<String> { private MultipartEntity entity = new MultipartEntity(); private static final String FILE_PART_NAME = "image"; private final Response.Listener<String> mListener; private final File file; private final HashMap<String, String> params; public MultipartRequest(String url, Response.Listener<String> listener, Response.ErrorListener errorListener, File file, HashMap<String, String> params) { super(Method.POST, url, errorListener); mListener = listener; this.file = file; this.params = params; buildMultipartEntity(); } private void buildMultipartEntity() { entity.addPart(FILE_PART_NAME, new FileBody(file)); try { for ( String key : params.keySet() ) { entity.addPart(key, new StringBody(params.get(key))); } } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { VolleyLog.e("UnsupportedEncodingException"); } } @Override public String getBodyContentType() { return entity.getContentType().getValue(); } @Override public byte[] getBody() throws AuthFailureError { ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); try { entity.writeTo(bos); } catch (IOException e) { VolleyLog.e("IOException writing to ByteArrayOutputStream"); } return bos.toByteArray(); } /** * copied from Android StringRequest class */ @Override protected Response<String> parseNetworkResponse(NetworkResponse response) { String parsed; try { parsed = new String(response.data, HttpHeaderParser.parseCharset(response.headers)); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { parsed = new String(response.data); } return Response.success(parsed, HttpHeaderParser.parseCacheHeaders(response)); } @Override protected void deliverResponse(String response) { mListener.onResponse(response); }
你可以使用这个类如下：
HashMap<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>(); params.put("type", "Some Param"); params.put("location", "Some Param"); params.put("contact", "Some Param"); MultipartRequest mr = new MultipartRequest(url, new Response.Listener<String>(){ @Override public void onResponse(String response) { Log.d("response", response); } }, new Response.ErrorListener(){ @Override public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) { Log.e("Volley Request Error", error.getLocalizedMessage()); } }, f, params); Volley.newRequestQueue(this).add(mr);
另一种解决scheme，非常轻巧，高性能，有效载荷大：
AndroidasynchronousHttp客户端库： http : //loopj.com/android-async-http/
private static AsyncHttpClient client = new AsyncHttpClient(); private void uploadFileExecute(File file) { RequestParams params = new RequestParams(); try { params.put("photo", file); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {} client.post(getUrl(), params, new AsyncHttpResponseHandler() { public void onSuccess(String result) { Log.d(TAG,"uploadFile response: "+result); }; public void onFailure(Throwable arg0, String errorMsg) { Log.d(TAG,"uploadFile ERROR!"); }; } ); }
这里是使用Volley Android上传文件的简单解决scheme和完整示例
1）Gradle导入
compile 'dev.dworks.libs:volleyplus:+'
2）现在创build一个类RequestManager
public class RequestManager { private static RequestManager mRequestManager; /** * Queue which Manages the Network Requests :-) */ private static RequestQueue mRequestQueue; // ImageLoader Instance private RequestManager() { } public static RequestManager get(Context context) { if (mRequestManager == null) mRequestManager = new RequestManager(); return mRequestManager; } /** * @param context application context */ public static RequestQueue getnstance(Context context) { if (mRequestQueue == null) { mRequestQueue = Volley.newRequestQueue(context); } return mRequestQueue; } }
3）现在创build一个类来处理上传文件WebService的请求
public class WebService { private RequestQueue mRequestQueue; private static WebService apiRequests = null; public static WebService getInstance() { if (apiRequests == null) { apiRequests = new WebService(); return apiRequests; } return apiRequests; } public void updateProfile(Context context, String doc_name, String doc_type, String appliance_id, File file, Response.Listener<String> listener, Response.ErrorListener errorListener) { SimpleMultiPartRequest request = new SimpleMultiPartRequest(Request.Method.POST, "YOUR URL HERE", listener, errorListener); // request.setParams(data); mRequestQueue = RequestManager.getnstance(context); request.addMultipartParam("token", "text", "tdfysghfhsdfh"); request.addMultipartParam("parameter_1", "text", doc_name); request.addMultipartParam("dparameter_2", "text", doc_type); request.addMultipartParam("parameter_3", "text", appliance_id); request.addFile("document_file", file.getPath()); request.setFixedStreamingMode(true); mRequestQueue.add(request); } }
4）现在调用这个方法来打这个服务
public class Main2Activity extends AppCompatActivity implements Response.ErrorListener, Response.Listener<String>{ @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main2); Button button=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button); button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { uploadData(); } }); } private void uploadData() { WebService.getInstance().updateProfile(getActivity(), "appl_doc", "appliance", "1", mChoosenFile, this, this); } @Override public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) { } @Override public void onResponse(String response) { //Your response here } }
这是我的做法。 这可能对其他人有用：
private void updateType(){ // Log.i(TAG,"updateType"); StringRequest request = new StringRequest(Request.Method.POST, url, new Response.Listener<String>() { @Override public void onResponse(String response) { // running on main thread------- try { JSONObject res = new JSONObject(response); res.getString("result"); System.out.println("Response:" + res.getString("result")); }else{ CustomTast ct=new CustomTast(context); ct.showCustomAlert("Network/Server Disconnected",R.drawable.disconnect); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); //Log.e("Response", "==> " + e.getMessage()); } } }, new Response.ErrorListener() { @Override public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError volleyError) { // running on main thread------- VolleyLog.d(TAG, "Error: " + volleyError.getMessage()); } }) { protected Map<String, String> getParams() { HashMap<String, String> hashMapParams = new HashMap<String, String>(); hashMapParams.put("key", "value"); hashMapParams.put("key", "value"); hashMapParams.put("key", "value")); hashMapParams.put("key", "value"); System.out.println("Hashmap:" + hashMapParams); return hashMapParams; } }; AppController.getInstance().addToRequestQueue(request); }
