用Swift中的参数上传图片
我试图上传一个图像的参数在Swift中。 当我尝试这个代码，我可以得到参数，但不是图像
uploadFileToUrl(fotiño:UIImage){ var foto = UIImage(data: UIImageJPEGRepresentation(fotiño, 0.2)) var request = NSMutableURLRequest(URL:NSURL(string: "URL")) request.HTTPMethod = "POST" var bodyData = "id_user="PARAMETERS&ETC"" request.HTTPBody = bodyData.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding); request.HTTPBody = NSData.dataWithData(UIImagePNGRepresentation(foto)) println("miraqui \(request.debugDescription)") var response: AutoreleasingUnsafeMutablePointer<NSURLResponse?>=nil var HTTPError: NSError? = nil var JSONError: NSError? = nil var dataVal: NSData? = NSURLConnection.sendSynchronousRequest(request, returningResponse: response, error: &HTTPError) if ((dataVal != nil) && (HTTPError == nil)) { var jsonResult = NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(dataVal!, options: NSJSONReadingOptions.MutableContainers, error: &JSONError) if (JSONError != nil) { println("Bad JSON") } else { println("Synchronous\(jsonResult)") } } else if (HTTPError != nil) { println("Request failed") } else { println("No Data returned") } } 编辑2：
我认为我保存的UIImage的path有一些问题，因为PHP告诉我，该文件已经存在，我认为是因为我发送它在空白
func createRequest (#userid: String, disco: String, id_disco: String, pub: String, foto: UIImage) -> NSURLRequest { let param = [ "id_user" : userid, "name_discoteca" : disco, "id_discoteca" : id_disco, "ispublic" : pub] // build your dictionary however appropriate let boundary = generateBoundaryString() let url = NSURL(string: "http....") let request = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: url) request.HTTPMethod = "POST" request.timeoutInterval = 60 request.HTTPShouldHandleCookies = false request.setValue("multipart/form-data; boundary=\(boundary)", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type") var imagesaver = ImageSaver() var image = foto // However you create/get a UIImage let documentsPath = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(.DocumentDirectory, .UserDomainMask, true)[0] as String let destinationPath = documentsPath.stringByAppendingPathComponent("VipKing.jpg") UIImageJPEGRepresentation(image,1.0).writeToFile(destinationPath, atomically: true) self.saveImage(foto, withFileName: "asdasd22.jpg") var path = self.documentsPathForFileName("asdasd22.jpg") self.ViewImage.image = self.loadImageWithFileName("asdasd22.jpg") // let path1 = NSBundle.mainBundle().pathForResource("asdasd22", ofType: "jpg", inDirectory: path) as String! **//path1 always crash** println(param.debugDescription) println(path.debugDescription) println(boundary.debugDescription) request.HTTPBody = createBodyWithParameters(param, filePathKey: "asdasd22.jpg", paths: [path], boundary: boundary) println(request.debugDescription) return request }
在下面的注释中，您通知我们您正在使用$_FILES语法来检索文件。 这意味着你想创build一个multipart/form-data请求。 这个过程基本上是：
-
为您的
multipart/form-data请求指定一个边界。 -
指定请求的
Content-Type，指定它的multipart/form-data以及边界是什么。 -
创build请求的主体，分离各个组件（每个发布的值以及每个上传之间）。
有关更多详细信息，请参阅RFC 2388 。 无论如何，在Swift 3中，这可能看起来像：
/// Create request /// /// - parameter userid: The userid to be passed to web service /// - parameter password: The password to be passed to web service /// - parameter email: The email address to be passed to web service /// /// - returns: The NSURLRequest that was created func createRequest(userid: String, password: String, email: String) throws -> URLRequest { let parameters = [ "user_id" : userid, "email" : email, "password" : password] // build your dictionary however appropriate let boundary = generateBoundaryString() let url = URL(string: "https://example.com/imageupload.php")! var request = URLRequest(url: url) request.httpMethod = "POST" request.setValue("multipart/form-data; boundary=\(boundary)", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type") let path1 = Bundle.main.path(forResource: "image1", ofType: "png")! request.httpBody = try createBody(with: parameters, filePathKey: "file", paths: [path1], boundary: boundary) return request } /// Create body of the multipart/form-data request /// /// - parameter parameters: The optional dictionary containing keys and values to be passed to web service /// - parameter filePathKey: The optional field name to be used when uploading files. If you supply paths, you must supply filePathKey, too. /// - parameter paths: The optional array of file paths of the files to be uploaded /// - parameter boundary: The multipart/form-data boundary /// /// - returns: The NSData of the body of the request func createBody(with parameters: [String: String]?, filePathKey: String, paths: [String], boundary: String) throws -> Data { var body = Data() if parameters != nil { for (key, value) in parameters! { body.append("--\(boundary)\r\n") body.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"\(key)\"\r\n\r\n") body.append("\(value)\r\n") } } for path in paths { let url = URL(fileURLWithPath: path) let filename = url.lastPathComponent let data = try Data(contentsOf: url) let mimetype = mimeType(for: path) body.append("--\(boundary)\r\n") body.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"\(filePathKey)\"; filename=\"\(filename)\"\r\n") body.append("Content-Type: \(mimetype)\r\n\r\n") body.append(data) body.append("\r\n") } body.append("--\(boundary)--\r\n") return body } /// Create boundary string for multipart/form-data request /// /// - returns: The boundary string that consists of "Boundary-" followed by a UUID string. func generateBoundaryString() -> String { return "Boundary-\(NSUUID().uuidString)" } /// Determine mime type on the basis of extension of a file. /// /// This requires MobileCoreServices framework. /// /// - parameter path: The path of the file for which we are going to determine the mime type. /// /// - returns: Returns the mime type if successful. Returns application/octet-stream if unable to determine mime type. func mimeType(for path: String) -> String { let url = NSURL(fileURLWithPath: path) let pathExtension = url.pathExtension if let uti = UTTypeCreatePreferredIdentifierForTag(kUTTagClassFilenameExtension, pathExtension! as NSString, nil)?.takeRetainedValue() { if let mimetype = UTTypeCopyPreferredTagWithClass(uti, kUTTagClassMIMEType)?.takeRetainedValue() { return mimetype as String } } return "application/octet-stream"; }
附：
extension Data { /// Append string to NSMutableData /// /// Rather than littering my code with calls to `dataUsingEncoding` to convert strings to NSData, and then add that data to the NSMutableData, this wraps it in a nice convenient little extension to NSMutableData. This converts using UTF-8. /// /// - parameter string: The string to be added to the `NSMutableData`. mutating func append(_ string: String) { if let data = string.data(using: .utf8) { append(data) } } }
或者，在Swift 2：
/// Create request /// /// - parameter userid: The userid to be passed to web service /// - parameter password: The password to be passed to web service /// - parameter email: The email address to be passed to web service /// /// - returns: The NSURLRequest that was created func createRequest (userid userid: String, password: String, email: String) -> NSURLRequest { let param = [ "user_id" : userid, "email" : email, "password" : password] // build your dictionary however appropriate let boundary = generateBoundaryString() let url = NSURL(string: "https://example.com/imageupload.php")! let request = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: url) request.HTTPMethod = "POST" request.setValue("multipart/form-data; boundary=\(boundary)", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type") let path1 = NSBundle.mainBundle().pathForResource("image1", ofType: "png") as String! request.HTTPBody = createBodyWithParameters(param, filePathKey: "file", paths: [path1], boundary: boundary) return request } /// Create body of the multipart/form-data request /// /// - parameter parameters: The optional dictionary containing keys and values to be passed to web service /// - parameter filePathKey: The optional field name to be used when uploading files. If you supply paths, you must supply filePathKey, too. /// - parameter paths: The optional array of file paths of the files to be uploaded /// - parameter boundary: The multipart/form-data boundary /// /// - returns: The NSData of the body of the request func createBodyWithParameters(parameters: [String: String]?, filePathKey: String?, paths: [String]?, boundary: String) -> NSData { let body = NSMutableData() if parameters != nil { for (key, value) in parameters! { body.appendString("--\(boundary)\r\n") body.appendString("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"\(key)\"\r\n\r\n") body.appendString("\(value)\r\n") } } if paths != nil { for path in paths! { let url = NSURL(fileURLWithPath: path) let filename = url.lastPathComponent let data = NSData(contentsOfURL: url)! let mimetype = mimeTypeForPath(path) body.appendString("--\(boundary)\r\n") body.appendString("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"\(filePathKey!)\"; filename=\"\(filename!)\"\r\n") body.appendString("Content-Type: \(mimetype)\r\n\r\n") body.appendData(data) body.appendString("\r\n") } } body.appendString("--\(boundary)--\r\n") return body } /// Create boundary string for multipart/form-data request /// /// - returns: The boundary string that consists of "Boundary-" followed by a UUID string. func generateBoundaryString() -> String { return "Boundary-\(NSUUID().UUIDString)" } /// Determine mime type on the basis of extension of a file. /// /// This requires MobileCoreServices framework. /// /// - parameter path: The path of the file for which we are going to determine the mime type. /// /// - returns: Returns the mime type if successful. Returns application/octet-stream if unable to determine mime type. func mimeTypeForPath(path: String) -> String { let url = NSURL(fileURLWithPath: path) let pathExtension = url.pathExtension if let uti = UTTypeCreatePreferredIdentifierForTag(kUTTagClassFilenameExtension, pathExtension! as NSString, nil)?.takeRetainedValue() { if let mimetype = UTTypeCopyPreferredTagWithClass(uti, kUTTagClassMIMEType)?.takeRetainedValue() { return mimetype as String } } return "application/octet-stream"; }
和：
extension NSMutableData { /// Append string to NSMutableData /// /// Rather than littering my code with calls to `dataUsingEncoding` to convert strings to NSData, and then add that data to the NSMutableData, this wraps it in a nice convenient little extension to NSMutableData. This converts using UTF-8. /// /// - parameter string: The string to be added to the `NSMutableData`. func appendString(string: String) { let data = string.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding, allowLossyConversion: true) appendData(data!) } }
拥有所有这些，你现在需要提交这个请求。 我会build议不要在你的问题中使用同步技术。 你应该这样做asynchronous。 例如，在URLSession ，在Swift 3中，您可以执行如下操作：
let request: URLRequest do { request = try createRequest(userid: userid, password: password, email: email) } catch { print(error) return } let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { data, response, error in guard error == nil else { // handle error here print(error!) return } // if response was JSON, then parse it do { let responseDictionary = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data!) print("success == \(responseDictionary)") // note, if you want to update the UI, make sure to dispatch that to the main queue, eg: // // DispatchQueue.main.async { // // update your UI and model objects here // } } catch { print(error) let responseString = String(data: data!, encoding: .utf8) print("responseString = \(responseString)") } } task.resume()
或者，Swift 2的演绎：
let request = createRequest(userid: userid, password: password, email: email) let task = NSURLSession.sharedSession().dataTaskWithRequest(request) { data, response, error in if error != nil { // handle error here print(error) return } // if response was JSON, then parse it do { if let responseDictionary = try NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(data!, options: []) as? NSDictionary { print("success == \(responseDictionary)") // note, if you want to update the UI, make sure to dispatch that to the main queue, eg: // // dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue()) { // // update your UI and model objects here // } } } catch { print(error) let responseString = NSString(data: data!, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding) print("responseString = \(responseString)") } } task.resume()
我原来的答案是以下的历史目的：
几点意见：
-
您将
HTTPBody设置为标准POST格式（就像它是一个application/x-www-form-urlencoded请求，即使您从未指定过）。 然后，您继续放弃，并将其replace为图像的PNG表示的二进制数据。 你大概是想发送两个。 -
我们不能就服务器所期望的内容提供明确的build议，但通常是
multipart/form-data，而不是application/x-www-form-urlencoded（例如，如果它是一个PHP web服务，它使用$_FILESvariables） 。 如果您正在尝试执行multipart/form-data，请参阅此文章， 使用Objective-C POST多部分/表单数据 ，例如如何执行此操作。 很明显，这是Objective-C，但它说明了基本的技术。请注意，还有其他Web服务使用的其他格式，所以我毫不犹豫地假设这是期待
multipart/form-data请求。 你应该确切地确定服务器的期望。
不用说，还有其他问题（例如，你至less应该指定请求的Content-Type ;你真的不应该发出同步请求（除非你已经在后台线程中这样做了） ）;我可能会build议NSURLSession ;等等）。
但主要的问题是你如何填充HTTPBody 。 尽pipe如此，我们很难在没有更清楚地了解服务器需求的情况下为您提供帮助。
AlamoFire现在支持多部分：
https://github.com/Alamofire/Alamofire#uploading-multipartformdata
这里有一个博客文章，介绍使用Multipart与AlamoFire的示例项目。
http://www.thorntech.com/2015/07/4-essential-swift-networking-tools-for-working-with-rest-apis/
相关的代码可能看起来像这样（假设你使用的是AlamoFire和SwiftyJSON）：
func createMultipart(image: UIImage, callback: Bool -> Void){ // use SwiftyJSON to convert a dictionary to JSON var parameterJSON = JSON([ "id_user": "test" ]) // JSON stringify let parameterString = parameterJSON.rawString(encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding, options: nil) let jsonParameterData = parameterString!.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding, allowLossyConversion: true) // convert image to binary let imageData = UIImageJPEGRepresentation(image, 0.7) // upload is part of AlamoFire upload( .POST, URLString: "http://httpbin.org/post", multipartFormData: { multipartFormData in // fileData: puts it in "files" multipartFormData.appendBodyPart(fileData: jsonParameterData!, name: "goesIntoFile", fileName: "json.txt", mimeType: "application/json") multipartFormData.appendBodyPart(fileData: imageData, name: "file", fileName: "iosFile.jpg", mimeType: "image/jpg") // data: puts it in "form" multipartFormData.appendBodyPart(data: jsonParameterData!, name: "goesIntoForm") }, encodingCompletion: { encodingResult in switch encodingResult { case .Success(let upload, _, _): upload.responseJSON { request, response, data, error in let json = JSON(data!) println("json:: \(json)") callback(true) } case .Failure(let encodingError): callback(false) } } ) } let fotoImage = UIImage(named: "foto") createMultipart(fotoImage!, callback: { success in if success { } })
谢谢你@Rob，你的代码工作正常，但在我的情况下，我正在从图书馆中取回图像，并使用代码取图像的名称：
let filename = url.lastPathComponent
但是，这个代码，显示图像扩展名为.JPG（大写字母），但服务器不接受扩展信号，所以我改变了我的代码：
let filename = (path.lastPathComponent as NSString).lowercaseString
现在我的代码工作正常。
谢谢 ：）
