Python：MySQLdb和“Library not loaded：libmysqlclient.16.dylib”
设置…
试图设置一个干净的Mac OS X 10.6安装来开发python / django，我不记得在10.5上运行这个。
从mysql-5.5.8-osx10.6-x86_64.dmg的安装程序安装MySQL后，我跑了
$ sudo pip install MySQL-python
它似乎顺利（输出下面）
Downloading/unpacking MySQL-python Downloading MySQL-python-1.2.3.tar.gz (70Kb): 70Kb downloaded Running setup.py egg_info for package MySQL-python warning: no files found matching 'MANIFEST' warning: no files found matching 'ChangeLog' warning: no files found matching 'GPL' Installing collected packages: MySQL-python Running setup.py install for MySQL-python building '_mysql' extension gcc-4.2 -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -Os -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -DENABLE_DTRACE -pipe -Dversion_info=(1,2,3,'final',0) -D__version__=1.2.3 -I/usr/local/mysql/include -I/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/include/python2.6 -c _mysql.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.6-universal-2.6/_mysql.o -Os -g -fno-common -fno-strict-aliasing -arch x86_64 In file included from _mysql.c:36: /usr/local/mysql/include/my_config.h:325:1: warning: "SIZEOF_SIZE_T" redefined In file included from /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/include/python2.6/Python.h:9, from pymemcompat.h:10, from _mysql.c:29: /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/include/python2.6/pymacconfig.h:33:1: warning: this is the location of the previous definition In file included from _mysql.c:36: /usr/local/mysql/include/my_config.h:419:1: warning: "HAVE_WCSCOLL" redefined In file included from /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/include/python2.6/Python.h:8, from pymemcompat.h:10, from _mysql.c:29: /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/include/python2.6/pyconfig.h:803:1: warning: this is the location of the previous definition gcc-4.2 -Wl,-F. -bundle -undefined dynamic_lookup build/temp.macosx-10.6-universal-2.6/_mysql.o -L/usr/local/mysql/lib -lmysqlclient_r -lpthread -o build/lib.macosx-10.6-universal-2.6/_mysql.so -arch x86_64 warning: no files found matching 'MANIFEST' warning: no files found matching 'ChangeLog' warning: no files found matching 'GPL' Successfully installed MySQL-python Cleaning up...
之后我尝试了：
$ python -c "import MySQLdb"
它用下面的话把我扯出来了：
Traceback (most recent call last): File "<string>", line 1, in <module> File "/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/__init__.py", line 19, in <module> import _mysql ImportError: dlopen(/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/_mysql.so, 2): Library not loaded: libmysqlclient.16.dylib Referenced from: /Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/_mysql.so Reason: image not found
所以在我的问题…
我做错了什么？/我还需要做什么？
谷歌search（在这里search）返回了很多结果得到这个错误消息与Ruby不太多的Python寿。
_mysql.so是指libmysqlclient.16.dylib 。 也就是说，作为Python和MySQL客户端库_mysql.so之间的桥梁的共享库引用了MySQL客户端库的dynamic库，并且该库由于某种原因而无法加载。
您需要回答的问题：
- 系统上的任何位置是否有
libmysqlclient.16.dylib？ 如果不是，则需要安装MySQL客户端软件。 - 如果是这样，那么在
DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH设置中是否包含该库的目录？ 如果不是，请尝试添加它。 - 如果是这样，你必须确保
libmysqlclient.16.dylib文件没有损坏。 我的副本，安装在/opt/local/lib/mysql5/mysql/libmysqlclient.16.dylib，由MacPorts提供，具有MD5签名c79ee91af08057dfc269ee212915801a，大小为1,462,376字节。 你的副本是什么样的？
运行pip install或easy_install后，只需设置DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH ：
export DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/mysql/lib/
应该假设你的MySQL安装位于/usr/local/mysql 。
easy_install之后，我创build了一个软链接来解决问题
sudo ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib /usr/local/lib/libmysqlclient.18.dylib
如果你的MySQL客户端比你的MySQL-python包新，它也会出现问题。 在我的情况下，我的机器上有一个libmysqlclient_r.18.dylib，但没有一个libmysqlclient_r.16.dylib。 运行pip search mysql显示
MySQL-python – MySQL的Python接口INSTALLED：1.2.3 LATEST：1.2.3c1
并运行pip install --upgrade MySQL-python解决了我的问题。
在最新版本的MySQL 5.7.9上，它不支持MySQL-python ，而是使用了PyMySQL库。 另外我在manage.py （在Django项目中）添加了这些行来模拟MySQL-python的API：
try: # load MySQLdb interface emulation import pymysql pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb() except ImportError: pass
在我的设置（从brew，pyenv mysql 5.7.x），我有一个新的lib文件libmysqlclient.20.dylib 。 pip uninstall MySQL-python是pip uninstall MySQL-python和pip install MySQL-python 。
