按名称调用Python方法
如果我在一个string中有一个对象和一个方法名称，我怎样才能调用这个方法？
class Foo: def bar1(self): print 1 def bar2(self): print 2 def callMethod(o, name): ??? f = Foo() callMethod(f, "bar1") 简单一：
class Foo: def bar1(self): print 1 def bar2(self): print 2 def callMethod(o, name): getattr(o, name)() f = Foo() callMethod(f, "bar1")
看看getattr
您也可以使用setattr按名称设置Class属性。
getattr(globals()['Foo'](), 'bar1')() getattr(globals()['Foo'](), 'bar2')()
不需要先实例化Foo！
我有类似的问题，想通过引用来调用实例方法。 这里是我发现的有趣的事情：
instance_of_foo=Foo() method_ref=getattr(Foo, 'bar') method_ref(instance_of_foo) # instance_of_foo becomes self instance_method_ref=getattr(instance_of_foo, 'bar') instance_method_ref() # instance_of_foo already bound into reference
Python很棒！
def callmethod(cls, mtd_name): method = getattr(cls, mtd_name) method()
这是一个使用Python装饰器的更普遍的版本。 你可以通过短名或长名打电话。 在使用短和长的子命令执行CLI时，我发现它很有用。
Python装饰器是美好的。 Bruce Eckel（Java中的Thinking）在这里很好地描述了Python装饰器。
http://www.artima.com/weblogs/viewpost.jsp?thread=240808 http://www.artima.com/weblogs/viewpost.jsp?thread=240845
#!/usr/bin/env python2 from functools import wraps class CommandInfo(object): cmds = [] def __init__(self, shortname, longname, func): self.shortname = shortname self.longname = longname self.func = func class CommandDispatch(object): def __init__(self, shortname, longname): self.shortname = shortname self.longname = longname def __call__(self, func): print("hello from CommandDispatch's __call__") @wraps(func) def wrapped_func(wself, *args, **kwargs): print('hello from wrapped_func, args:{0}, kwargs: {1}'.format(args, kwargs)) func(wself, *args, **kwargs) ci = CommandInfo ci.cmds += [ci(shortname=self.shortname, longname=self.longname, func=func)] return wrapped_func @staticmethod def func(name): print('hello from CommandDispatch.func') for ci in CommandInfo.cmds: if ci.shortname == name or ci.longname == name: return ci.func raise RuntimeError('unknown command') @CommandDispatch(shortname='co', longname='commit') def commit(msg): print('commit msg: {}'.format(msg)) commit('sample commit msg') # Normal call by function name cd = CommandDispatch short_f = cd.func(name='co') # Call by shortname short_f('short sample commit msg') long_f = cd.func(name='commit') # Call by longname long_f('long sample commit msg') class A(object): @CommandDispatch(shortname='Aa', longname='classAmethoda') def a(self, msg): print('Aa called, msg: {}'.format(msg)) a = A() short_fA = cd.func(name='Aa') short_fA(a, 'short Aa msg') long_fA = cd.func(name='classAmethoda') long_fA(a, 'short Aa msg')
