通过一个python脚本截图。
我想通过一个python脚本截图，不加介意地保存它。
我只对Linux解决scheme感兴趣，并且应该支持任何基于X的环境。
这工作，而不必使用scrot或ImageMagick。
import gtk.gdk w = gtk.gdk.get_default_root_window() sz = w.get_size() print "The size of the window is %dx %d" % sz pb = gtk.gdk.Pixbuf(gtk.gdk.COLORSPACE_RGB,False,8,sz[0],sz[1]) pb = pb.get_from_drawable(w,w.get_colormap(),0,0,0,0,sz[0],sz[1]) if (pb != None): pb.save("screenshot.png","png") print "Screenshot saved to screenshot.png." else: print "Unable to get the screenshot." 从http://ubuntuforums.org/showpost.php?p=2681009&postcount=5借用;
在一个class级编译所有答案。 输出PIL图像。
#!/usr/bin/env python # encoding: utf-8 """ screengrab.py Created by Alex Snet on 2011-10-10. Copyright (c) 2011 CodeTeam. All rights reserved. """ import sys import os import Image class screengrab: def __init__(self): try: import gtk except ImportError: pass else: self.screen = self.getScreenByGtk try: import PyQt4 except ImportError: pass else: self.screen = self.getScreenByQt try: import wx except ImportError: pass else: self.screen = self.getScreenByWx try: import ImageGrab except ImportError: pass else: self.screen = self.getScreenByPIL def getScreenByGtk(self): import gtk.gdk w = gtk.gdk.get_default_root_window() sz = w.get_size() pb = gtk.gdk.Pixbuf(gtk.gdk.COLORSPACE_RGB,False,8,sz[0],sz[1]) pb = pb.get_from_drawable(w,w.get_colormap(),0,0,0,0,sz[0],sz[1]) if (pb != None): return False else: width,height = pb.get_width(),pb.get_height() return Image.fromstring("RGB",(width,height),pb.get_pixels() ) def getScreenByQt(self): from PyQt4.QtGui import QPixmap, QApplication from PyQt4.Qt import QBuffer, QIODevice import StringIO app = QApplication(sys.argv) buffer = QBuffer() buffer.open(QIODevice.ReadWrite) QPixmap.grabWindow(QApplication.desktop().winId()).save(buffer, 'png') strio = StringIO.StringIO() strio.write(buffer.data()) buffer.close() del app strio.seek(0) return Image.open(strio) def getScreenByPIL(self): import ImageGrab img = ImageGrab.grab() return img def getScreenByWx(self): import wx wx.App() # Need to create an App instance before doing anything screen = wx.ScreenDC() size = screen.GetSize() bmp = wx.EmptyBitmap(size[0], size[1]) mem = wx.MemoryDC(bmp) mem.Blit(0, 0, size[0], size[1], screen, 0, 0) del mem # Release bitmap #bmp.SaveFile('screenshot.png', wx.BITMAP_TYPE_PNG) myWxImage = wx.ImageFromBitmap( myBitmap ) PilImage = Image.new( 'RGB', (myWxImage.GetWidth(), myWxImage.GetHeight()) ) PilImage.fromstring( myWxImage.GetData() ) return PilImage if __name__ == '__main__': s = screengrab() screen = s.screen() screen.show()
只是为了完整：Xlib – 但是捕捉整个屏幕时有点慢：
from Xlib import display, X import Image #PIL W,H = 200,200 dsp = display.Display() root = dsp.screen().root raw = root.get_image(0, 0, W,H, X.ZPixmap, 0xffffffff) image = Image.fromstring("RGB", (W, H), raw.data, "raw", "BGRX") image.show()
可以尝试在PyXlib中的瓶颈文件中使用某些types，然后使用Cython进行编译。 这可能会增加一点速度。
编辑：我们可以在C中编写函数的核心，然后在ctypes的python中使用它，下面是我一起攻击的东西：
#include <stdio.h> #include <X11/Xh> #include <X11/Xlib.h> //Compile hint: gcc -shared -O3 -lX11 -fPIC -Wl,-soname,prtscn -o prtscn.so prtscn.c void getScreen(const int, const int, const int, const int, unsigned char *); void getScreen(const int xx,const int yy,const int W, const int H, /*out*/ unsigned char * data) { Display *display = XOpenDisplay(NULL); Window root = DefaultRootWindow(display); XImage *image = XGetImage(display,root, xx,yy, W,H, AllPlanes, ZPixmap); unsigned long red_mask = image->red_mask; unsigned long green_mask = image->green_mask; unsigned long blue_mask = image->blue_mask; int x, y; int ii = 0; for (y = 0; y < H; y++) { for (x = 0; x < W; x++) { unsigned long pixel = XGetPixel(image,x,y); unsigned char blue = (pixel & blue_mask); unsigned char green = (pixel & green_mask) >> 8; unsigned char red = (pixel & red_mask) >> 16; data[ii + 2] = blue; data[ii + 1] = green; data[ii + 0] = red; ii += 3; } } XDestroyImage(image); XDestroyWindow(display, root); XCloseDisplay(display); }
然后python文件：
import ctypes import os from PIL import Image LibName = 'prtscn.so' AbsLibPath = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)) + os.path.sep + LibName grab = ctypes.CDLL(AbsLibPath) def grab_screen(x1,y1,x2,y2): w, h = x1+x2, y1+y2 size = w * h objlength = size * 3 grab.getScreen.argtypes = [] result = (ctypes.c_ubyte*objlength)() grab.getScreen(x1,y1, w, h, result) return Image.frombuffer('RGB', (w, h), result, 'raw', 'RGB', 0, 1) if __name__ == '__main__': im = grab_screen(0,0,1440,900) im.show()
这个在X11上工作，也可能在Windows上（有人请检查）。 需要PyQt4 ：
import sys from PyQt4.QtGui import QPixmap, QApplication app = QApplication(sys.argv) QPixmap.grabWindow(QApplication.desktop().winId()).save('test.png', 'png')
我有一个包装项目（ pyscreenshot ）scrot，imagemagick，pyqt，wx和pygtk。 如果你有其中一个，你可以使用它。 所有解决scheme都包含在这个讨论中。
安装：
easy_install pyscreenshot
例：
import pyscreenshot as ImageGrab # fullscreen im=ImageGrab.grab() im.show() # part of the screen im=ImageGrab.grab(bbox=(10,10,500,500)) im.show() # to file ImageGrab.grab_to_file('im.png')
跨平台解决scheme使用wxPython ：
import wx wx.App() # Need to create an App instance before doing anything screen = wx.ScreenDC() size = screen.GetSize() bmp = wx.EmptyBitmap(size[0], size[1]) mem = wx.MemoryDC(bmp) mem.Blit(0, 0, size[0], size[1], screen, 0, 0) del mem # Release bitmap bmp.SaveFile('screenshot.png', wx.BITMAP_TYPE_PNG)
import ImageGrab img = ImageGrab.grab() img.save('test.jpg','JPEG')
这需要Python Imaging Library
一个简短的searchgtkShots看起来可能会帮助你，因为它是一个GPLed Python截图程序，所以应该有你需要的东西。
这个Autopy有一个python包
位图模块可以屏幕抓取（bitmap.capture_screen）这是多平台（Windows，Linux，Osx）。
有点晚，但从来没有一个容易的是
import autopy import time time.sleep(2) b = autopy.bitmap.capture_screen() b.save("C:/Users/mak/Desktop/m.png")
从这个线程 ：
import os os.system("import -window root temp.png")
这是一个古老的问题。 我想用新工具来回答。
与python 3（应该与python 2，但我没有testing它）和PyQt5。
最小的工作示例。 将其复制到python shell并获得结果。
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication app = QApplication([]) screen = app.primaryScreen() screenshot = screen.grabWindow(QApplication.desktop().winId()) screenshot.save('/tmp/screenshot.png')
因为pyscreenshot的输出只是一个黑屏png图像文件，所以我无法在Linux中使用pyscreenshot或scrot截图。
但是感谢上帝，还有另外一个非常简单的在Linux中进行截图的方法，而不需要安装任何东西 只需将下面的代码放在你的目录下，并运行python demo.py
import os os.system("gnome-screenshot --file=this_directory.png")
gnome-screenshot --help也有很多可用的选项
Application Options: -c, --clipboard Send the grab directly to the clipboard -w, --window Grab a window instead of the entire screen -a, --area Grab an area of the screen instead of the entire screen -b, --include-border Include the window border with the screenshot -B, --remove-border Remove the window border from the screenshot -p, --include-pointer Include the pointer with the screenshot -d, --delay=seconds Take screenshot after specified delay [in seconds] -e, --border-effect=effect Effect to add to the border (shadow, border, vintage or none) -i, --interactive Interactively set options -f, --file=filename Save screenshot directly to this file --version Print version information and exit --display=DISPLAY X display to use
尝试一下：
#!/usr/bin/python import gtk.gdk import time import random import socket import fcntl import struct import getpass import os import paramiko while 1: # generate a random time between 120 and 300 sec random_time = random.randrange(20,25) # wait between 120 and 300 seconds (or between 2 and 5 minutes) print "Next picture in: %.2f minutes" % (float(random_time) / 60) time.sleep(random_time) w = gtk.gdk.get_default_root_window() sz = w.get_size() print "The size of the window is %dx %d" % sz pb = gtk.gdk.Pixbuf(gtk.gdk.COLORSPACE_RGB,False,8,sz[0],sz[1]) pb = pb.get_from_drawable(w,w.get_colormap(),0,0,0,0,sz[0],sz[1]) ts = time.asctime( time.localtime(time.time()) ) date = time.strftime("%d-%m-%Y") timer = time.strftime("%I:%M:%S%p") filename = timer filename += ".png" if (pb != None): username = getpass.getuser() #Get username newpath = r'screenshots/'+username+'/'+date #screenshot save path if not os.path.exists(newpath): os.makedirs(newpath) saveas = os.path.join(newpath,filename) print saveas pb.save(saveas,"png") else: print "Unable to get the screenshot."
