如何在node.js中创buildHTTP POST请求？
我如何使用node.js中的数据创build出站HTTP POST请求？
以下是使用node.js向Google Compiler API发出POST请求的示例：
// We need this to build our post string var querystring = require('querystring'); var http = require('http'); var fs = require('fs'); function PostCode(codestring) { // Build the post string from an object var post_data = querystring.stringify({ 'compilation_level' : 'ADVANCED_OPTIMIZATIONS', 'output_format': 'json', 'output_info': 'compiled_code', 'warning_level' : 'QUIET', 'js_code' : codestring }); // An object of options to indicate where to post to var post_options = { host: 'closure-compiler.appspot.com', port: '80', path: '/compile', method: 'POST', headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded', 'Content-Length': Buffer.byteLength(post_data) } }; // Set up the request var post_req = http.request(post_options, function(res) { res.setEncoding('utf8'); res.on('data', function (chunk) { console.log('Response: ' + chunk); }); }); // post the data post_req.write(post_data); post_req.end(); } // This is an async file read fs.readFile('LinkedList.js', 'utf-8', function (err, data) { if (err) { // If this were just a small part of the application, you would // want to handle this differently, maybe throwing an exception // for the caller to handle. Since the file is absolutely essential // to the program's functionality, we're going to exit with a fatal // error instead. console.log("FATAL An error occurred trying to read in the file: " + err); process.exit(-2); } // Make sure there's data before we post it if(data) { PostCode(data); } else { console.log("No data to post"); process.exit(-1); } });
我已经更新了代码，以显示如何从文件中发布数据，而不是硬编码的string。 它使用asynchronousfs.readFile命令来实现这一点，成功读取后张贴实际的代码。 如果出现错误，则抛出，如果没有数据，则该过程以负值退出以指示失败。
如果使用请求库，这会变得更容易。
var request = require('request'); request.post( 'http://www.yoursite.com/formpage', { json: { key: 'value' } }, function (error, response, body) { if (!error && response.statusCode == 200) { console.log(body) } } );
除了提供一个很好的语法，它使得json请求变得容易，处理oauth签名（对于twitter等），可以执行多部分forms（例如用于上传文件）和stream式传输。
要安装请求使用命令npm install request
你可以使用请求库。 https://www.npmjs.com/package/request
var request = require('request');
发布JSON数据：
var myJSONObject = { ... }; request({ url: "http://josiahchoi.com/myjson", method: "POST", json: true, // <--Very important!!! body: myJSONObject }, function (error, response, body){ console.log(response); });
要发布xml数据：
var myXMLText = '<xml>...........</xml>' request({ url: "http://josiahchoi.com/myjson", method: "POST", headers: { "content-type": "application/xml", // <--Very important!!! }, body: myXMLText }, function (error, response, body){ console.log(response); });
我使用Restler和Needle进行生产。 他们都比本地的httprequest更强大。 可以使用基本身份validation，特殊头文件甚至上传/下载文件来请求。
至于post / get操作，它们比使用httprequest的原始ajax调用要简单得多。
needle.post('https://my.app.com/endpoint', {foo:'bar'}, function(err, resp, body){ console.log(body); });
你也可以使用Requestify ，一个非常酷的，简单的HTTP客户端，我为nodeJS +写的它支持caching。
只要做到以下几点：
var requestify = require('requestify'); requestify.post('http://example.com', { hello: 'world' }) .then(function(response) { // Get the response body (JSON parsed or jQuery object for XMLs) response.getBody(); });
对于那些在晚些时候来到这里的人。 现在有很多不同的库可以用最less的代码来完成这个工作。 除非你绝对需要控制低层HTTP的东西，否则我更喜欢HTTP轻量级库。
一个这样的图书馆是Unirest
要安装它，请使用npm 。
$ npm install unirest
到了Hello, World! 大家都习惯的例子。
var unirest = require('unirest'); unirest.post('http://example.com/helloworld') .header('Accept', 'application/json') .send({ "Hello": "World!" }) .end(function (response) { console.log(response.body); });
额外：
很多人也build议使用请求 [2]
值得注意的是， Unirest在幕后使用了request库。
Unirest提供了直接访问请求对象的方法。
例：
var Request = unirest.get('http://mockbin.com/request');
这是我用来做请求的最简单的方法：使用'request'模块。
命令来安装“请求”模块：
$ npm install request
示例代码：
var request = require('request') var options = { method: 'post', body: postData, // Javascript object json: true, // Use,If you are sending JSON data url: url, headers: { // Specify headers, If any } } request(options, function (err, res, body) { if (err) { console.log('Error :', err) return } console.log(' Body :', body) });
您也可以使用Node.js的内置“http”模块来提出请求。
我喜欢superagent的简单性（ https://github.com/visionmedia/superagent ）。 在节点和浏览器上都是相同的api。
发布rest/ JSON请求
我们可以简单地使用请求包，并保存我们必须发送的Jsonvariables的值。
首先通过npm install request –save在您的控制台安装require软件包
var request = require('request'); var options={ 'key':'28', 'key1':'value', 'key2':'value' } request({ url:"http://dev.api.ean.com/ean-services/rs/hotel/v3/ping? minorRev="+options.key+ "&cid="+options.key1+ "&apiKey="+options.key2, method:"POST", json:true},function(error,response,body){ console.log(body) } );
我find了一个video，介绍如何实现这一点： https : //www.youtube.com/watch?v=nuw48-u3Yrg
它使用默认的“http”模块以及“querystring”和“stringbuilder”模块。 应用程序从网页中获取两个数字（使用两个文本框），并在提交后返回这两个数字（以及在文本框中保留值）。 这是我能在其他地方find的最好的例子。
var http = require("http"); var qs = require("querystring"); var StringBuilder = require("stringbuilder"); var port = 9000; function getCalcHtml(req, resp, data) { var sb = new StringBuilder({ newline: "\r\n" }); sb.appendLine("<html>"); sb.appendLine(" <body>"); sb.appendLine(" <form method='post'>"); sb.appendLine(" <table>"); sb.appendLine(" <tr>"); sb.appendLine(" <td>Enter First No: </td>"); if (data && data.txtFirstNo) { sb.appendLine(" <td><input type='text' id='txtFirstNo' name='txtFirstNo' value='{0}'/></td>", data.txtFirstNo); } else { sb.appendLine(" <td><input type='text' id='txtFirstNo' name='txtFirstNo' /></td>"); } sb.appendLine(" </tr>"); sb.appendLine(" <tr>"); sb.appendLine(" <td>Enter Second No: </td>"); if (data && data.txtSecondNo) { sb.appendLine(" <td><input type='text' id='txtSecondNo' name='txtSecondNo' value='{0}'/></td>", data.txtSecondNo); } else { sb.appendLine(" <td><input type='text' id='txtSecondNo' name='txtSecondNo' /></td>"); } sb.appendLine(" </tr>"); sb.appendLine(" <tr>"); sb.appendLine(" <td><input type='submit' value='Calculate' /></td>"); sb.appendLine(" </tr>"); if (data && data.txtFirstNo && data.txtSecondNo) { var sum = parseInt(data.txtFirstNo) + parseInt(data.txtSecondNo); sb.appendLine(" <tr>"); sb.appendLine(" <td>Sum: {0}</td>", sum); sb.appendLine(" </tr>"); } sb.appendLine(" </table>"); sb.appendLine(" </form>") sb.appendLine(" </body>"); sb.appendLine("</html>"); sb.build(function (err, result) { resp.write(result); resp.end(); }); } function getCalcForm(req, resp, data) { resp.writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "text/html" }); getCalcHtml(req, resp, data); } function getHome(req, resp) { resp.writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "text/html" }); resp.write("<html><html><head><title>Home</title></head><body>Want to some calculation? Click <a href='/calc'>here</a></body></html>"); resp.end(); } function get404(req, resp) { resp.writeHead(404, "Resource Not Found", { "Content-Type": "text/html" }); resp.write("<html><html><head><title>404</title></head><body>404: Resource not found. Go to <a href='/'>Home</a></body></html>"); resp.end(); } function get405(req, resp) { resp.writeHead(405, "Method not supported", { "Content-Type": "text/html" }); resp.write("<html><html><head><title>405</title></head><body>405: Method not supported</body></html>"); resp.end(); } http.createServer(function (req, resp) { switch (req.method) { case "GET": if (req.url === "/") { getHome(req, resp); } else if (req.url === "/calc") { getCalcForm(req, resp); } else { get404(req, resp); } break; case "POST": if (req.url === "/calc") { var reqBody = ''; req.on('data', function (data) { reqBody += data; if (reqBody.length > 1e7) { //10MB resp.writeHead(413, 'Request Entity Too Large', { 'Content-Type': 'text/html' }); resp.end('<!doctype html><html><head><title>413</title></head><body>413: Request Entity Too Large</body></html>'); } }); req.on('end', function () { var formData = qs.parse(reqBody); getCalcForm(req, resp, formData); }); } else { get404(req, resp); } break; default: get405(req, resp); break; } }).listen(port);
var https = require('https'); /** * HOW TO Make an HTTP Call - POST */ // do a POST request // create the JSON object jsonObject = JSON.stringify({ "message" : "The web of things is approaching, let do some tests to be ready!", "name" : "Test message posted with node.js", "caption" : "Some tests with node.js", "link" : "http://www.youscada.com", "description" : "this is a description", "picture" : "http://youscada.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/logo2.png", "actions" : [ { "name" : "youSCADA", "link" : "http://www.youscada.com" } ] }); // prepare the header var postheaders = { 'Content-Type' : 'application/json', 'Content-Length' : Buffer.byteLength(jsonObject, 'utf8') }; // the post options var optionspost = { host : 'graph.facebook.com', port : 443, path : '/youscada/feed?access_token=your_api_key', method : 'POST', headers : postheaders }; console.info('Options prepared:'); console.info(optionspost); console.info('Do the POST call'); // do the POST call var reqPost = https.request(optionspost, function(res) { console.log("statusCode: ", res.statusCode); // uncomment it for header details // console.log("headers: ", res.headers); res.on('data', function(d) { console.info('POST result:\n'); process.stdout.write(d); console.info('\n\nPOST completed'); }); }); // write the json data reqPost.write(jsonObject); reqPost.end(); reqPost.on('error', function(e) { console.error(e); });
这是我的POST和GET解决scheme。
关于Post方法：
如果主体是JSON对象，那么使用JSON.stringify进行反序列化是很重要的，并可能相应地设置Content-Lenght头：
var bodyString=JSON.stringify(body) var _headers = { 'Content-Length': Buffer.byteLength(bodyString) };
在写入请求之前：
request.write( bodyString );
关于Get和Post方法：
timeout可以作为socket断开发生，所以你必须注册它的处理程序，如：
request.on('socket', function (socket) { socket.setTimeout( self.timeout ); socket.on('timeout', function() { request.abort(); if(timeout) return timeout( new Error('request timed out') ); }); });
而request处理程序是
request.on('timeout', function () { // Timeout happend. Server received request, but not handled it // (ie doesn't send any response or it took to long). // You don't know what happend. // It will emit 'error' message as well (with ECONNRESET code). req.abort(); if(timeout) return timeout( new Error('request timed out') ); });
我强烈build议注册这两个处理程序。
响应正文被分块，所以你必须在data处理程序中连接chunks：
var body = ''; response.on('data', function(d) { body += d; });
end这个body将包含整个答复机构：
response.on('end', function() { try { var jsonResponse=JSON.parse(body); if(success) return success( jsonResponse ); } catch(ex) { // bad json if(error) return error(ex.toString()); } });
使用try … wrap来捕获JSON.parse是安全的，因为你不能确定它是一个格式良好的json，而且在你请求的时候没有办法确定它。
模块： SimpleAPI
/** * Simple POST and GET * @author Loreto Parisi (loretoparisi at gmail dot com) */ (function() { var SimpleAPI; SimpleAPI = (function() { var qs = require('querystring'); /** * API Object model * @author Loreto Parisi (loretoparisi at gmail dot com) */ function SimpleAPI(host,port,timeout,ssl,debug,json) { this.host=host; this.port=port; this.timeout=timeout; /** true to use ssl - defaults to true */ this.ssl=ssl || true; /** true to console log */ this.debug=debug; /** true to parse response as json - defaults to true */ this.json= (typeof(json)!='undefined')?json:true; this.requestUrl=''; if(ssl) { // use ssl this.http = require('https'); } else { // go unsafe, debug only please this.http = require('http'); } } /** * HTTP GET * @author Loreto Parisi (loretoparisi at gmail dot com) */ SimpleAPI.prototype.Get = function(path, headers, params, success, error, timeout) { var self=this; if(params) { var queryString=qs.stringify(params); if( queryString ) { path+="?"+queryString; } } var options = { headers : headers, hostname: this.host, path: path, method: 'GET' }; if(this.port && this.port!='80') { // port only if ! 80 options['port']=this.port; } if(self.debug) { console.log( "SimpleAPI.Get", headers, params, options ); } var request=this.http.get(options, function(response) { if(self.debug) { // debug console.log( JSON.stringify(response.headers) ); } // Continuously update stream with data var body = ''; response.on('data', function(d) { body += d; }); response.on('end', function() { try { if(self.json) { var jsonResponse=JSON.parse(body); if(success) return success( jsonResponse ); } else { if(success) return success( body ); } } catch(ex) { // bad json if(error) return error( ex.toString() ); } }); }); request.on('socket', function (socket) { socket.setTimeout( self.timeout ); socket.on('timeout', function() { request.abort(); if(timeout) return timeout( new Error('request timed out') ); }); }); request.on('error', function (e) { // General error, ie // - ECONNRESET - server closed the socket unexpectedly // - ECONNREFUSED - server did not listen // - HPE_INVALID_VERSION // - HPE_INVALID_STATUS // - ... (other HPE_* codes) - server returned garbage console.log(e); if(error) return error(e); }); request.on('timeout', function () { // Timeout happend. Server received request, but not handled it // (ie doesn't send any response or it took to long). // You don't know what happend. // It will emit 'error' message as well (with ECONNRESET code). req.abort(); if(timeout) return timeout( new Error('request timed out') ); }); self.requestUrl = (this.ssl?'https':'http') + '://' + request._headers['host'] + request.path; if(self.debug) { console.log("SimpleAPI.Post",self.requestUrl); } request.end(); } //RequestGet /** * HTTP POST * @author Loreto Parisi (loretoparisi at gmail dot com) */ SimpleAPI.prototype.Post = function(path, headers, params, body, success, error, timeout) { var self=this; if(params) { var queryString=qs.stringify(params); if( queryString ) { path+="?"+queryString; } } var bodyString=JSON.stringify(body) var _headers = { 'Content-Length': Buffer.byteLength(bodyString) }; for (var attrname in headers) { _headers[attrname] = headers[attrname]; } var options = { headers : _headers, hostname: this.host, path: path, method: 'POST', qs : qs.stringify(params) }; if(this.port && this.port!='80') { // port only if ! 80 options['port']=this.port; } if(self.debug) { console.log( "SimpleAPI.Post\n%s\n%s", JSON.stringify(_headers,null,2), JSON.stringify(options,null,2) ); } if(self.debug) { console.log("SimpleAPI.Post body\n%s", JSON.stringify(body,null,2) ); } var request=this.http.request(options, function(response) { if(self.debug) { // debug console.log( JSON.stringify(response.headers) ); } // Continuously update stream with data var body = ''; response.on('data', function(d) { body += d; }); response.on('end', function() { try { console.log("END", body); var jsonResponse=JSON.parse(body); if(success) return success( jsonResponse ); } catch(ex) { // bad json if(error) return error(ex.toString()); } }); }); request.on('socket', function (socket) { socket.setTimeout( self.timeout ); socket.on('timeout', function() { request.abort(); if(timeout) return timeout( new Error('request timed out') ); }); }); request.on('error', function (e) { // General error, ie // - ECONNRESET - server closed the socket unexpectedly // - ECONNREFUSED - server did not listen // - HPE_INVALID_VERSION // - HPE_INVALID_STATUS // - ... (other HPE_* codes) - server returned garbage console.log(e); if(error) return error(e); }); request.on('timeout', function () { // Timeout happend. Server received request, but not handled it // (ie doesn't send any response or it took to long). // You don't know what happend. // It will emit 'error' message as well (with ECONNRESET code). req.abort(); if(timeout) return timeout( new Error('request timed out') ); }); self.requestUrl = (this.ssl?'https':'http') + '://' + request._headers['host'] + request.path; if(self.debug) { console.log("SimpleAPI.Post",self.requestUrl); } request.write( bodyString ); request.end(); } //RequestPost return SimpleAPI; })(); module.exports = SimpleAPI }).call(this);
用法：
// Parameters // domain: example.com // ssl:true, port:80 // timeout: 30 secs // debug: true // json response:true var api = new SimpleAPI('posttestserver.com', 80, 1000 * 10, true, true, true); var headers = { 'Content-Type' : 'application/json', 'Accept' : 'application/json' }; var params = { "dir" : "post-test" }; var method = 'post.php'; api.Post(method, headers, params, body , function(response) { // success console.log( response ); } , function(error) { // error console.log( error.toString() ); } , function(error) { // timeout console.log( new Error('timeout error') ); });
如果您正在寻找基于承诺的HTTP客户端
const axios = require('axios'); axios.post('/user', { firstName: 'Fred', lastName: 'Flintstone' }) .then(function (response) { console.log(response); }) .catch(function (error) { console.log(error); });
url： https ： //www.npmjs.com/package/axios
在创build一个低级别的工具来处理post并获得我的项目请求之后，我挣扎了很多，于是我决定在这里发布我的努力。 在接受的答案的线上，这是一个用于发送JSON数据http和https POST请求的片段。
const http = require("http") const https = require("https") // Request handler function let postJSON = (options, postData, callback) => { // Serializing JSON post_data = JSON.stringify(postData) let port = options.port == 443 ? https : http // Callback function for the request let req = port.request(options, (res) => { let output = '' res.setEncoding('utf8') // Listener to receive data res.on('data', (chunk) => { output += chunk }); // Listener for intializing callback after receiving complete response res.on('end', () => { let obj = JSON.parse(output) callback(res.statusCode, obj) }); }); // Handle any errors occurred while making request req.on('error', (err) => { //res.send('error: ' + err.message) }); // Request is made here, with data as string or buffer req.write(post_data) // Ending the request req.end() }; let callPost = () => { let data = { 'name': 'Jon', 'message': 'hello, world' } let options = { host: 'domain.name', // Your domain name port: 443, // 443 for https and 80 for http path: '/path/to/resource', // Path for the request method: 'POST', headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'Content-Length': Buffer.byteLength(data) } } postJSON(options, data, (statusCode, result) => { // Handle response // Process the received data }); }
你可以使用“ Requestify ”来简化这个过程：
以下是如何获得它：
var requestify = require('requestify');
获取请求：
requestify.get('http://example.com').then(function(response) { // Get the response body response.getBody(); });
并将请求发布到Json中：
requestify.post('http://example.com', { hello: 'world' }) .then(function(response) { // Get the response body (JSON parsed or jQuery object for XMLs) response.getBody(); // Get the raw response body response.body; });
