如何在不使用Firebase控制台的情况下发送Firebase云消息通知？
I'm starting with the new Google service for the notifications, Firebase Cloud Messaging.
Thanks to this code https://github.com/firebase/quickstart-android/tree/master/messaging I was able to send notifications from my Firebase User Console to my Android device.
Is there any API or way to send a notification without use the Firebase console? I mean, for example, a PHP API or something like that, to create notifications from my own server directly.
Firebase Cloud Messaging has a server-side APIs that you can call to send messages. See https://firebase.google.com/docs/cloud-messaging/server.
Sending a message can be as simple as using curl to call a HTTP end-point. See https://firebase.google.com/docs/cloud-messaging/server#implementing-http-connection-server-protocol
curl -X POST --header "Authorization: key=<API_ACCESS_KEY>" \
--Header "Content-Type: application/json" \
https://fcm.googleapis.com/fcm/send \
-d "{\"to\":\"<YOUR_DEVICE_ID_TOKEN>\",\"notification\":{\"body\":\"Yellow\"},\"priority\":10}"
Use a service api.
URL: https://fcm.googleapis.com/fcm/send
Method Type: POST
Headers:
Content-Type: application/json
Authorization: key=your api key
Body/Payload:
{ "notification": {
"title": "Your Title",
"text": "Your Text",
"click_action": "OPEN_ACTIVITY_1" // should match to your intent filter
},
"data": {
"keyname": "any value " //you can get this data as extras in your activity and this data is optional
},
"to" : "to_id(firebase refreshedToken)"
}
And with this in your app you can add below code in your activity to be called:
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="OPEN_ACTIVITY_1" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
</intent-filter>
Also check the answer on Firebase onMessageReceived not called when app in background
Examples using curl
Send messages to specific devices
To send messages to specific devices, set the to the registration token for the specific app instance
curl -H "Content-type: application/json" -H "Authorization:key=<Your Api key>" -X POST -d '{ "data": { "score": "5x1","time": "15:10"},"to" : "<registration token>"}' https://fcm.googleapis.com/fcm/send
Send messages to topics
here the topic is : /topics/foo-bar
curl -H "Content-type: application/json" -H "Authorization:key=<Your Api key>" -X POST -d '{ "to": "/topics/foo-bar","data": { "message": "This is a Firebase Cloud Messaging Topic Message!"}}' https://fcm.googleapis.com/fcm/send
Send messages to device groups
Sending messages to a device group is very similar to sending messages to an individual device. Set the to parameter to the unique notification key for the device group
curl -H "Content-type: application/json" -H "Authorization:key=<Your Api key>" -X POST -d '{"to": "<aUniqueKey>","data": {"hello": "This is a Firebase Cloud Messaging Device Group Message!"}}' https://fcm.googleapis.com/fcm/send
As mentioned by Frank, you can use Firebase Cloud Messaging (FCM) HTTP API to trigger push notification from your own back-end. But you won't be able to
- send notifications to a Firebase User Identifier (UID) and
- send notifications to user segments (targeting properties & events like you can on the user console).
Meaning: you'll have to store FCM/GCM registration ids (push tokens) yourself or use FCM topics to subscribe users. Keep also in mind that FCM is not an API for Firebase Notifications, it's a lower-level API without scheduling or open-rate analytics. Firebase Notifications is build on top on FCM.
This works using CURL
function sendGCM($message, $id) {
$url = 'https://fcm.googleapis.com/fcm/send';
$fields = array (
'registration_ids' => array (
$id
),
'data' => array (
"message" => $message
)
);
$fields = json_encode ( $fields );
$headers = array (
'Authorization: key=' . "YOUR_KEY_HERE",
'Content-Type: application/json'
);
$ch = curl_init ();
curl_setopt ( $ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url );
curl_setopt ( $ch, CURLOPT_POST, true );
curl_setopt ( $ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers );
curl_setopt ( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
curl_setopt ( $ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $fields );
$result = curl_exec ( $ch );
echo $result;
curl_close ( $ch );
}
?>
$message is your message to send to the device
$id is the devices registration token
YOUR_KEY_HERE is your Server API Key (or Legacy Server API Key)
You can use for example a PHP script for Google Cloud Messaging (GCM). Firebase, and its console, is just on top of GCM.
I found this one on github:
https://gist.github.com/prime31/5675017
Hint: This PHP script results in a android notification.
Therefore: Read this answer from Koot if you want to receive and show the notification in Android.
First you need to get a token from android and then you can call this php code and you can even send data for further actions in your app.
<?php
// Call .php?Action=M&t=title&m=message&r=token
$action=$_GET["Action"];
switch ($action) {
Case "M":
$r=$_GET["r"];
$t=$_GET["t"];
$m=$_GET["m"];
$j=json_decode(notify($r, $t, $m));
$succ=0;
$fail=0;
$succ=$j->{'success'};
$fail=$j->{'failure'};
print "Success: " . $succ . "<br>";
print "Fail : " . $fail . "<br>";
break;
default:
print json_encode ("Error: Function not defined ->" . $action);
}
function notify ($r, $t, $m)
{
// API access key from Google API's Console
if (!defined('API_ACCESS_KEY')) define( 'API_ACCESS_KEY', 'Insert here' );
$tokenarray = array($r);
// prep the bundle
$msg = array
(
'title' => $t,
'message' => $m,
'MyKey1' => 'MyData1',
'MyKey2' => 'MyData2',
);
$fields = array
(
'registration_ids' => $tokenarray,
'data' => $msg
);
$headers = array
(
'Authorization: key=' . API_ACCESS_KEY,
'Content-Type: application/json'
);
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt( $ch,CURLOPT_URL, 'fcm.googleapis.com/fcm/send' );
curl_setopt( $ch,CURLOPT_POST, true );
curl_setopt( $ch,CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers );
curl_setopt( $ch,CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
curl_setopt( $ch,CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false );
curl_setopt( $ch,CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, json_encode( $fields ) );
$result = curl_exec($ch );
curl_close( $ch );
return $result;
}
?>
If you want to send push notifications from android check out my blog post
Send Push Notifications from 1 android phone to another with out server.
sending push notification is nothing but a post request to https://fcm.googleapis.com/fcm/send
code snippet using volley:
JSONObject json = new JSONObject();
try {
JSONObject userData=new JSONObject();
userData.put("title","your title");
userData.put("body","your body");
json.put("data",userData);
json.put("to", receiverFirebaseToken);
}
catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
JsonObjectRequest jsonObjectRequest = new JsonObjectRequest("https://fcm.googleapis.com/fcm/send", json, new Response.Listener<JSONObject>() {
@Override
public void onResponse(JSONObject response) {
Log.i("onResponse", "" + response.toString());
}
}, new Response.ErrorListener() {
@Override
public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {
}
}) {
@Override
public Map<String, String> getHeaders() throws AuthFailureError {
Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
params.put("Authorizationey=" + SERVER_API_KEY);
params.put("Content-Typepplication/json");
return params;
}
};
MySingleton.getInstance(context).addToRequestQueue(jsonObjectRequest);
I suggest you all to check out my blog post for complete details.
