错误：无法在小牛上构buildgem原生扩展
我试图在OSX 10.9的Rails项目中运行bundle 。 当遇到这个错误时，它失败了：
Gem::Installer::ExtensionBuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension. /Users/kyledecot/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/bin/ruby extconf.rb checking for pg_config... no No pg_config... trying anyway. If building fails, please try again with --with-pg-config=/path/to/pg_config checking for libpq-fe.h... yes checking for libpq/libpq-fs.h... yes checking for pg_config_manual.h... yes checking for PQconnectdb() in -lpq... yes checking for PQconnectionUsedPassword()... yes checking for PQisthreadsafe()... yes checking for PQprepare()... yes checking for PQexecParams()... yes checking for PQescapeString()... yes checking for PQescapeStringConn()... yes checking for PQescapeLiteral()... yes checking for PQescapeIdentifier()... yes checking for PQgetCancel()... yes checking for lo_create()... yes checking for pg_encoding_to_char()... yes checking for pg_char_to_encoding()... yes checking for PQsetClientEncoding()... yes checking for PQlibVersion()... yes checking for PQping()... yes checking for PQsetSingleRowMode()... yes checking for rb_encdb_alias()... yes checking for rb_enc_alias()... no checking for rb_thread_call_without_gvl()... yes checking for rb_thread_call_with_gvl()... yes checking for rb_thread_fd_select()... yes checking for rb_w32_wrap_io_handle()... no checking for PGRES_COPY_BOTH in libpq-fe.h... no checking for PGRES_SINGLE_TUPLE in libpq-fe.h... no checking for PG_DIAG_TABLE_NAME in libpq-fe.h... no checking for struct pgNotify.extra in libpq-fe.h... yes checking for unistd.h... yes checking for ruby/st.h... yes creating extconf.h creating Makefile make "DESTDIR=" compiling gvl_wrappers.c clang: warning: argument unused during compilation: '-fno-fast-math' compiling pg.c clang: warning: argument unused during compilation: '-fno-fast-math' pg.c:272:9: warning: implicit declaration of function 'PQlibVersion' is invalid in C99 [-Wimplicit-function-declaration] return INT2NUM(PQlibVersion()); ^ In file included from pg.c:48: In file included from ./pg.h:17: In file included from /Users/kyledecot/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/include/ruby-2.0.0/ruby.h:33: /Users/kyledecot/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/include/ruby-2.0.0/ruby/ruby.h:1167:21: note: instantiated from: # define INT2NUM(v) INT2FIX((int)(v)) ^ pg.c:272:9: note: instantiated from: return INT2NUM(PQlibVersion()); ^ pg.c:272:17: note: instantiated from: return INT2NUM(PQlibVersion()); ^ pg.c:375:48: error: use of undeclared identifier 'PQPING_OK' rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQPING_OK", INT2FIX(PQPING_OK)); ^ pg.c:375:56: note: instantiated from: rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQPING_OK", INT2FIX(PQPING_OK)); ^ pg.c:377:52: error: use of undeclared identifier 'PQPING_REJECT' rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQPING_REJECT", INT2FIX(PQPING_REJECT)); ^ pg.c:377:60: note: instantiated from: rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQPING_REJECT", INT2FIX(PQPING_REJECT)); ^ pg.c:379:57: error: use of undeclared identifier 'PQPING_NO_RESPONSE' rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQPING_NO_RESPONSE", INT2FIX(PQPING_NO_RESPONSE)); ^ pg.c:379:65: note: instantiated from: rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQPING_NO_RESPONSE", INT2FIX(PQPING_NO_RESPONSE)); ^ pg.c:381:56: error: use of undeclared identifier 'PQPING_NO_ATTEMPT' rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQPING_NO_ATTEMPT", INT2FIX(PQPING_NO_ATTEMPT)); ^ pg.c:381:64: note: instantiated from: rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQPING_NO_ATTEMPT", INT2FIX(PQPING_NO_ATTEMPT)); ^ 1 warning and 4 errors generated. make: *** [pg.o] Error 1 Gem files will remain installed in /Users/kyledecot/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247@skateboxes/gems/pg-0.17.0 for inspection. Results logged to /Users/kyledecot/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247@skateboxes/gems/pg-0.17.0/ext/gem_make.out An error occurred while installing pg (0.17.0), and Bundler cannot continue. Make sure that `gem install pg -v '0.17.0'` succeeds before bundling.
另外请确保您已经升级了Xcode，以便在Mavericks上重新安装命令行工具。 terminaltypes：
xcode-select --install
然后按照提示进行操作。
对我来说，当我这样做的时候，
brew install postgresql
这对小牛和Postgresapp有效：
gem install pg -v '0.17.0' -- --with-pg-config=/Applications/Postgres93.app/Contents/MacOS/bin/pg_config
尝试使用--with-pg-config参数：
bundle config build.pg --with-pg-config=/usr/pgsql-9.1/bin/pg_config
要显示pg_config的path：
which pg_config
对于Ubuntu用户：
sudo apt-get install postgresql sudo apt-get install libpq-dev
然后：
bundle install
对于我使用Mavericks，Rails 3.2.13，Ruby 2.0.0-p247，PostgreSQL 9.1，我需要这样做：
gem install pg -v '0.15.1' -- --with-pg-config=/Library/PostgreSQL/9.1/bin/pg_config
我刚刚运行
ARCHFLAGS="-arch x86_64" gem install pg
使用brew安装posgres后
这适用于Mac OS X 10.9.3和Postgres.app版本9.3.4.2：
1）安装Postgres.app
2） bundle config build.pg --with-pg-config=/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/Versions/9.3/bin/pg_config
3） gem install pg -v '0.17.1'
4） bundle install
当我尝试安装
apt-get install libpq-dev
未能安装，未满足的依赖问题，解决
apt-get remove libpq5
然后安装
apt-get install libpq-dev
最后解决了gem pg的问题。
以下为我工作：
gem install pg -v'0.18.1' – –with-pg config = / Library / PostgreSQL / 9.3 / bin / pg_config
您必须使用您当前的版本configurationpg，我在优胜美地上使用了我的9.4版本。 这是下面的命令
bundle config build.pg --with-pg-config=/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/Versions/9.4/bin/pg_config
你应该使用你自己的版本
bundle config build.pg --with-pg-config=/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/Versions/(YOUR POSTGRES VERSION)/bin/pg_config
然后做
bundle install
An error occurred while installing debugger (1.6.5), and Bundler cannot continue. Make sure that `gem install debugger -v '1.6.5'` succeeds before bundling.
我可以通过回滚到Ruby v2.0.0来修复这个错误。 我运行的是Ruby 2.1.1，这个debugging器版本不支持。 如果你遇到这个问题，一定要检查你的ruby版本。
